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Direct and Acute Cardiotoxic Effects of Ultrafine Air Pollutants in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Wistar—Kyoto Rats

Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles

Robert A. Kloner, MD, PhD

Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, rkloner{at}goodsam.org

Michael T. Kleinman, PhD

Department of Community and Environmental Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California

Boris Z. Simkhovich, MD, PhD

Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles

It is hypothesized that preexisting cardiovascular disease could affect the susceptibility to direct and acute cardiotoxic effects of ultrafine air pollutants. Ultrafine particles (UFP) isolated from 12.5 mg of diesel particulate matter (National Institute of Standards and Technology) were infused into isolated Langendorffperfused hearts obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive control Wistar— Kyoto rats (WKY). Perfusion for 30 minutes with UFP reduced cardiac function in both groups—but to a greater extent in WKY. In SHR, developed pressure was reduced by 24.1 ± 4.4% of baseline and maximal dP/dt was reduced by 19.8 ± 4.9%; in WKY, developed pressure was reduced by 43.5 ± 7.3% and maximal dP/dt by 41.8 ± 8.2% (P < .05 for maximal dP/dt in SHR vs WKY). Coronary flow was decreased by 30.3% versus 53.7% in SHR versus WKY ( P < .05). The results of this study suggest that although UFP depress myocardial contractile response and coronary flow in both SHR and WKY the underlying hypertension does not necessarily worsen the response.

Key Words: cardiac contractile function • isolated heart • arterial hypertension • ultrafine particles

This version was published on September 1, 2008

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 13, No. 3, 189-198 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1074248408321569


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